For example, if students are asked to give evidence, you can use the sentence frame “I know this because the text says _____.”, If you want students to talk about causes of a historical event, a sentence frame could be:  2. 1. Including images can boost comprehension and stamina. . Effective teachers recognize that all of these factors affect how students learn in the classroom, and they adjust, or differentiate, their instruction to meet students' needs. We do this naturally anyway; for example, our voices rise at the end of a question. Experiment with speaking and writing in different tenses and using different types of expressive language. All kids learn better when they engage with material in multiple ways: Lessons that involve writing, speaking, drawing, and listening, for example, give students four opportunities to deepen their understanding of the work. The handout had the word in English, a picture, and a place for students to write the translation of the word in their own language. Consider adding images to assessments or any printed directions for activities. Post vocabulary words in the room on chart paper. 3. After each chunk of text, ask ELs to write a one-sentence summary of the section using the vocabulary words in their sentence. Another difference is _____. For English learners who may not comprehend everything a teacher says, an image will help clarify meaning and encourage understanding. Not for long, just a few minutes. Observing students during a Turn and Talk activity is useful for evaluating student understanding. 6–8, Teach choral speaking and reading (poetry may be the most accessible format with which to begin). Chunk texts: Reading academic texts is a challenge for ELs because of the complex academic vocabulary, complicated syntax, and density of text. Don’t gamble with precious time and … English learners often find writing activities daunting because of the high linguistic expectations of academic writing. These strategies help all students improve their language development in a supportive, encouraging way. Model the task if it appears the directions were not sufficient. Sentence frames can also be helpful in writing activities. For example, ask, “Would you like pizza or a bagel for lunch?” Or, after reading a story, ask, “Did the first pig build his house of bricks or straw?”, Respond to the interests of the children. They are different because _____, but _____. 3–5, Creating a welcoming environment provides a foundation for learning, and the once you’ve established that environment, you can support these students in their language acquisition with a few simple strategies. When I taught Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech to high school ELs, they found it challenging. Check for comprehension frequently: Often ELs will not tell you when they don’t understand something because they don’t want their classmates to know. Breaking down the larger text made it easier for the ELs to build content knowledge. Learn more about this strategy in Teaching ELLs to Navigate Textbooks Effectively. Students had to use the signal words to infer whether to write a cause or an effect. After we read the scene, I posted printouts of each word with its picture and added them to a word wall. When facing challenges working with English learners (ELs), start with an empathetic approach. Using quick formative assessments can help determine where more instruction is needed. For each passage, choose two to three key vocabulary words and provide pictures of those items. Here are some strategies for differentiating instruction for your English language learners, as well as ideas for taking students' level of English language proficiency into account when planning instruction. 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